A lire pour les anglophones, une très bonne étude de Barbara Feledziak (Paris X)et Inna Lyubareva, sur les différences entre une production de logiciels ou de musique réalisée dans le circuit industriel traditionnel, et les logiciels et la musique produit via un système coopératif reposant sur les licences libres.
Le titre du papier, téléchargeable ici, est "The Role of Free Licences for Cooperation Development and Learning within the Commons-Based Peer Production. The Cases of CC and GNU GPL."
Morceaux choisis :
- "One can notice that among the factors which determine the quality of the product, the time for the accomplishment of a goal is of special importance. Whereas commercial mode of production supposes a strict system of deadlines, it is not the case for the Commons-Based Peer Production." (ndlr: le fait de ne pas avoir de contrainte de temps dans le monde du libre permet théoriquement plus de finitions)
-"In other words, within the Commons-Based Peer Production the task accomplishment corresponds rather to the creation of a product of high quality, than to the realization of the work in time. In these conditions even in the case of complex productions, such as software development, more stable and secure products can be created."
-"In contrast to the commercial model of creative content development, the number and
quality of contributions in Commons- Based Peer Production are not constrained by the number of employees that a firm can hire or the quality of the given competence pool" (ndlr: dans un système de production Pair à Pair, pas de problème théorique de staffing) (...) "Commons- Based Peer Production loses less information about who is the best person for a given job might be"
-"The role of the GPL and the CC licence is twofold: (i) on the one hand, they permit learning by contributing of a large number of participants; (ii) on the other hand, they permit to separate the core and the periphery of the projects and to cope with the complexity of task coordination" (ndlr: notamment par l'emploi de licence "no derivatives")
- Enfin, le plus important pour moi: "(i) First of all, the Creative Commons enables a publicly available process of collective music creation (as well as its extensions in the form of public discussions or video and texts), because participants can keep their artists status (paternity principle in the licence), and because the contributors have the possibility to control the undesired use of their product (the clause of noncommercial use in the licence). So, as well as the GPL the CC licence provides the opportunities for newcomers to learn from theirs and others’ successes and failures, to learn while contributing to the project, to learn in context, and not only through the observation of the results. These learning mechanisms, hence, are not bounded by a particular enterprise, and the process of creation gains the attention of relatively large amount of artists and simple users which make their contributions for the products’ improvement."
Bravo Barbara, j'ai hâte de lire ta thèse sur le sujet !
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